托福独立口语任务物品类话题解析
朗阁海外考试研究中心
朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家分析发现，在独立任务物品类话题当中，题目可以分成两类：具体事物类和抽象事物类。具体事物可能让你描述一件礼物、一本书、一幅画或者一件衣服；抽象事物可能让你描述你喜欢的一种艺术形式，你给年轻人的一条建议，让你开心或难过的一条新闻或者你的一项小成就。
一、具体事物类
具体的物品在brainstorm的时候是比较容易想到的，因为都是身边实实在在存在的东西，所以不可能在几秒的思考之后毫无头绪，不知道说什么。稍微难一点的地方在于，很多东西同学们不知道如何去描述。比如说一件衣服，它的材质、花纹、设计等专业用词容易难倒一部分人，描述一件艺术作品的时候一些太专业的东西也不太好说，但是我们完全可以有意识地去避免这些不熟悉的东西，转而说一些自己熟悉的，例如得到或者见到这些东西的过程或故事，自己看到这些东西的感受，具体形态只需要从自己熟悉的颜色、大小方面去说就足够了。
以下是我们经常见到的具体事物类的题目：
Describethemostimportantgiftyouhavereceived.Whyisitthemostimportantgift?Includedetailstosupportyourexplanation.
Describeabookthatyouthinkisinteresting.Explainwhythisbookisinterestingtoyou.Includedetailsandexamplesinyourexplanation.
Describeamemorablepaintingorphotoyouhaveseenbefore.Explainwhyyoulikeitordislikeit.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.
Aforeignfriendisgoingtohaveamealinyourhome.Whatkindoffoodwouldyouliketoprepareforthisforeignfriend?Why?Usespecificreasonsanddetailstosupportyourchoice.
Describeyourfavoritemeansoftransportation.Itcouldbebicycle,automobileortrain.Explainwhyyouenjoyitmost.Includedetailsandexamplestosupportyourresponse.
Describeyourfavoritestyleofclothing.Includereasonsanddetailsinyourresponse.
关于“Describeyourfavoritestyleofclothing.”这个题目，我们可以这么回答：
Allgirlslikefancyclothesandthereisasayingthat“thereisalwaysroomfornewclothesinagirl’scloset”.I’mnoexception.However,theplain-lookingcasualstyleismyfavoritewhenchoosingmyclothes.IloveT-shirtsalotbecausetheyarefortableandall-match.WhenI’mconfusedwhichpieceofclothesmatchmyshoesorbag,awhiteT-shirtwillalwaysbetherightanswer.Also,I’magirlwholikessports.SoT-shirtsandjeansseemdurableandcoolwhenIgohikingwithmyfriendsordanceinthesquare.
关于“Describeamemorablepaintingorphotoyouhaveseenbefore.”我们可以这么回答：
Ican’tforgetthephotographhungonthewallofmygrandparents’house.It’sourfamilyphoto.Itwastakeninmygrandfather’sbirthdaytenyearsago.Nomemberofourfamilywasmissedinthisphoto,soitisveryvaluableforus.Everyoneinthephotosmilesasifnothingisannoyinginourfamily.Thenextyearafterthephotowastaken,myauntpassedawayinanaccident.Sothereunioncapturedinthephotocan’tberealizedagainanymore.SinceIworkinanothercity,IseldomseethisphotoafterIgraduatedfrommyhighschool,butIstillrememberthatphotoandthehappinessinmyfamily.
二、抽象事物类
说到抽象事物类话题，很多同学会卡在第一关brainstorm上，但只需要记住一个原则“抽象名词具体化”——也就是把题目当中提到的任何看不到摸不着的东西落实到具体生活当中的具体事物中去。比如提到“happiness”，就要立刻在脑子里给幸福下一个定义，比如说吃得下饭、睡得着觉、笑得出来就叫做幸福，那么再找一个让自己感到幸福的东西就容易多了，可能是妈妈做的家乡菜，爱人之间的一个拥抱，甚至是一部经典的喜剧片。
同样，提到“opportunity”，首先想，机会是干什么用的？机会就是帮自己成功的。那么接着想自己目前取得了哪些成功？比如说自己成功得到了一个令人羡慕的工作，那么我是怎么获得这个机会的？原来是源于一个朋友的介绍。这样的话，抽象的名词就被赋予到真实生活的具体事情当中了。
Chooseoneofthefollowingworkofart:song,poemandpainting.Explainwhyyoulikeitmost.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.
Describeajob,careerorprofessionwhichyouwishtopursue.Explainwhythisjobisyouridealjob.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.
Describeapieceofadvicewhichwasgivenbyafriend,afamilymemberorateacherofyours.Explainhowthisadvicehelpedyoutosolveyourproblem.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.
Describeapieceofgoodnewswhichmadeyoufeelhappy.Explainwhyyoufelthappyaboutthatnews.Includereasonsandexamplestosupportyourresponse.
Describeaspecialopportunitythatyouhavebeengiveninyourlife.Explainwhyitisimportanttoyou.Includereasonsanddetailsinyourresponse.
Describeonedifficultyyouhaveencounteredandhowyouovercameit.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.
Describeonekindofyourskillswhichyouaregoodat(suchasdrawingpictures,playingbasketball).Explainwhythisskillisimportanttoyou.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.
Describethemostimportantdecisionthatyouhaveevermadeinyourlife.Explainwhythisdecisionisimportanttoyou.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.
例如：“Describeapieceofgoodnewswhichmadeyoufeelhappy.”可以这样回答：
I’dliketoshareagoodnewsofmyselfwhichmademefeelveryhappyrecently.IhavejustreceivedanofferwhichtellsmethatIwasacceptedtobeavolunteerinasupportingeducationprogram,whichIhavefocusedonsinceIwasinuniversity.IstartedtodocharityworkwhenIentereduniversity.Iorganizeddonationforthechildreninthewestofchina,subsidizedthreeprimaryschoolstudentsusingthemoneyIearnedfrompart-timejob.NowIhavetheopportunitytoseethembymyselfandhelpthemfacetoface.Icherishthischanceandwilldomybesttohelpthem.
